1、什么是RabbitMQ。详见 。
作用就是提高系统的并发性,将一些不需要及时响应客户端且占用较多资源的操作,放入队列,再由另外一个线程,去异步处理这些队列,可极大的提高系统的并发能力。
2、安装
RabbitMQ服务: 。
(安装完RabbitMQ服务后,会在Windows服务中看到。如果没有Erlang运行环境,在安装过程中会提醒先安装Erlang环境。)
.net客户端类库:
3、插件
RabbitMQ提供了很多好用的插件,最常用的就是web管理工具,启动此插件。
CMD中运行命令:rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
注:rabbitmq-plugins 所在路径为:D:\Program Files\RabbitMQ Server\rabbitmq_server-3.4.0\sbin
修改plugins db log路径
需要建立rabbitmq-env.conf:
RABBITMQ_MNESIA_BASE=e:/rabbitmq/db
RABBITMQ_LOG_BASE=e:/rabbitmq/logRABBITMQ_PLUGINS_DIR=e:/rabbitmq/plugins
4、配置
配置文件地址为:C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Application Data\RabbitMQ\rabbitmq.config,默认没有rabbit.config文件,需要手工新建(默认会有rabbitmq.config.example 作为参考)。基于安全,做了两个配置,如下:
[
{rabbit,[{loopback_users, [<<"guest">>]},{tcp_listeners, [{"127.0.0.1", 1234},{"172.31.26.24", 8009}]},{vm_memory_high_watermark, 0.5},{disk_free_limit,1000000000}]}].- The web UI is located at: http://server-name:15672/
loopback_users:设置只能在与RabbitMq服务同一台机器上访问服务的用户。
tcp_listeners:设置RabbitMQ监听的IP地址与端口。只监听局域网内网iP、修改默认端口,防止被入侵攻击。
设置完后,别忘记了以下操作,否则配置不起作用。
- 停止RabbitMQ服务;
- 重新安装服务使配置生效:rabbitmq-service.bat install
此命令要切换到路径:D:\Program Files\RabbitMQ Server\rabbitmq_server-3.4.0\sbin
- 启动RabbitMQ服务;
5、Demo练习。
消息生产者:class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { try { ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory(); factory.HostName = Constants.MqHost; factory.Port = Constants.MqPort; factory.UserName = Constants.MqUserName; factory.Password = Constants.MqPwd; using (IConnection conn = factory.CreateConnection()) { using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel()) { //在MQ上定义一个持久化队列,如果名称相同不会重复创建 channel.QueueDeclare("MyFirstQueue", true, false, false, null); while (true) { string customStr = Console.ReadLine(); RequestMsg requestMsg = new RequestMsg(); requestMsg.Name = string.Format("Name_{0}", customStr); requestMsg.Code = string.Format("Code_{0}", customStr); string jsonStr = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(requestMsg); byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonStr); //设置消息持久化 IBasicProperties properties = channel.CreateBasicProperties(); properties.DeliveryMode = 2; channel.BasicPublish("", "MyFirstQueue", properties, bytes); //channel.BasicPublish("", "MyFirstQueue", null, bytes); Console.WriteLine("消息已发送:" + requestMsg.ToString()); } } } } catch (Exception e1) { Console.WriteLine(e1.ToString()); } Console.ReadLine(); } }
class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { try { ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory(); factory.HostName = Constants.MqHost; factory.Port = Constants.MqPort; factory.UserName = Constants.MqUserName; factory.Password = Constants.MqPwd; using (IConnection conn = factory.CreateConnection()) { using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel()) { //在MQ上定义一个持久化队列,如果名称相同不会重复创建 channel.QueueDeclare("MyFirstQueue", true, false, false, null); //输入1,那如果接收一个消息,但是没有应答,则客户端不会收到下一个消息 channel.BasicQos(0, 1, false); Console.WriteLine("Listening..."); //在队列上定义一个消费者 QueueingBasicConsumer consumer = new QueueingBasicConsumer(channel); //消费队列,并设置应答模式为程序主动应答 channel.BasicConsume("MyFirstQueue", false, consumer); while (true) { //阻塞函数,获取队列中的消息 BasicDeliverEventArgs ea = (BasicDeliverEventArgs)consumer.Queue.Dequeue(); byte[] bytes = ea.Body; string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes); RequestMsg msg = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(str); Console.WriteLine("HandleMsg:" + msg.ToString()); //回复确认 channel.BasicAck(ea.DeliveryTag, false); } } } } catch (Exception e1) {